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Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) is a linear transformation on quantum bits and is the quantum analogue of the discrete Fourier transform. The quantum Fourier transform is a part of many quantum algorithms, notably Shor's algorithm for factoring and computing the discrete logarithm, the quantum phase estimation algorithm for estimating the eigenvalues of a unitary operator, and algorithms for the hidden subgroup problem. (Wikipedia)

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Quantum Fourier Transform for general cyclic groups

The QFT on the group $\mathbb{Z}_N$ is given by \begin{equation} QFT\,|k\rangle =\frac{1}{\sqrt{N}} \sum_{j=0}^{N-1} e^{2\pi i\,jk/N}|j\rangle\,. \end{equation} The usual circuit implements the QFT wi …
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