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May 17, 2022 at 12:55 comment added Niel de Beaudrap @quest: In some cases, a unitary operation may leave the states of some qubits apparently unchanged when they are in the standard basis (as with a controlled operator). More generally, it may map a standard basis state of some qubits, to a different standard basis state. The parameter $n-k$ is basically determined by how many qubits this is true for. I don't think that this parameter has a name, as such, or represents some quantity that people investigate much — hopefully someone will correct me if I'm wrong on this point — though it is likely to be important in general for circuit synthesis.
May 17, 2022 at 2:03 comment added quest Thank you very much for this great answer and forgive my ignorance but what is the k here? It is the column itself or index of the column or index of the first non zero column or first column which has non zero entry?
Aug 4, 2020 at 14:52 history edited Niel de Beaudrap CC BY-SA 4.0
Minor clarifications and revisions
Aug 4, 2020 at 14:40 history edited Niel de Beaudrap CC BY-SA 4.0
Corrected errors and added improved techniques
Aug 4, 2020 at 13:16 history edited Niel de Beaudrap CC BY-SA 4.0
Fixed typos
Aug 4, 2020 at 12:37 vote accept vasjain
Aug 4, 2020 at 12:09 history answered Niel de Beaudrap CC BY-SA 4.0