Questions tagged [hamiltonian-simulation]
Hamiltonian simulation is a class of algorithms that, given a Hermitian matrix A, output a quantum circuit implementing an approximation to the unitary exp[iAt].
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Problem with commutation of $e^{-iH_1t}$ and $e^{-iH_2t}$, where $H_1$ commutes with $H_2$
I'm given with a Hamiltonian, $H=H_1+H_2$, where $H_1=\sigma_x\otimes\sigma_z$ and $H_2=\sigma_y\otimes\sigma_y$, and want to built a circuit which will implement $e^{-iHt},t=\pi/6$. We see that as $\...
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Quantum circuit to implement matrix exponential
I want to build a circuit which will implement $e^{iAt}$, where $ A=
\begin{pmatrix}
1.5 & 0.5\\
0.5 & 1.5\\
\end{pmatrix}
$ and $t= \pi/2 $.
We see that $A$ can be written as, $A=1.5I+0.5X$. ...
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Questions about the Hamiltonian of a decay
In paper Simulating quantum systems on a quantum computer the author mention in section 3, simulating a decay to obtain the ground state, and give the Hamiltonian for that:
$$H=H_1+H_2 + H_{1I}\otimes ...
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1answer
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VQE Cirq example
Is my understanding correct that in this example the Hamiltonian measurement is not performed through measuring individual Pauli operators because all its terms are mutually commuting? So, for each ...
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Modifying Qiskit Hamiltonian
I'm fairly new to the Qiskit API. I was wondering if I could get some assistance with trying to implement our technique of projecting out a new Hamiltonian from the ground-state Hamiltonian. The ...
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What is the correct sign in the unitary evolution operator of a beam splitter?
I'm a bit confused about which is the correct sign in the unitary evolution operator of a beam splitter.
In paper Digital quantum simulation of linear and nonlinear optical elements author uses the ...
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Constructing a time evolution operator $e^{it H}$ for $H^2=I$
Consider a Hamiltonian $H = \sigma_x \otimes \sigma_z$
Construct the time evolution operator $U(t) = \mathrm{e}^{-\frac{iHt}{\frac{h}{2\pi}}}$ [Hint:Write down the expansion of $\mathrm{e}^x$ and use ...
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Primer for Quantum Circuits and Optimization
I am interested in studying physical systems and trying to build circuits to simulate them. Now, of course, all the systems I could try to work with at simple, toy, systems - and that's fine.
...
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Circuit of a very trivial thing
I am writing to double check that if have a hamiltonian of the form $H = I_1 \otimes I_2$, when I seek to find the unitary, $e^{-i\gamma I_1 \otimes I_2}$, there really is no need to convert this into ...
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XX, YY, ZZ circuit representations?
Is there a good primer or set of lectures\examples that show entirely how to take a given matrix and developing a circuit that represents it. I am trying to implement a program to find the lowest ...
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1answer
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Strange Behaviour of MeSolve, McSolve
I'm using Qutip to plot some basic two level dynamics using hamiltonians with a temporal envelope defined as the sum of two error functions, designed to make it more representative of experimental ...
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Openfermion to qiskit
Is there a direct way to go from an object generated in openfermion to objects usable in Qiskit. I can't find anything about any plugin.
It's not too hard to translate into pyQuil and then to Qiskit ...
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Proof that most Hamiltonian evolutions are not efficiently approximable by quantum circuits
How to rigorously prove that finite Hamiltonians (for $n$-qubit systems), in general, are not efficiently$\dagger$ simulable (in the Hamiltonian simulation sense) using $\mathrm{poly}(n)$ number of ...
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Compiling the Pauli-Z operator to the Rz operator for Hamiltonian simulation
I saw a tutorial on this long ago, but lost it. I know that the Pauli-Z operator compiles to Rz, but how? Here are the steps I remember:
First, we have to solve for $U(t)$ in the Schrodinger equation ...
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Where does precisely the dificulty in exponentiating a Hamiltonian $H$ in the quantum simulation problem lay?
I've read in the Nielsen's, Chuang's "Quantum Computation and Quantum Information":
Classical simulation begins with the realization that in solving a simple differential equation such as $dy/dt = ...
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Nielsen and Chuang, Exercise 6.12: How to simulate the specific Hamiltonian in the search algorithm by the Oracle gates?
In Chapter 6 of "Quantum Computation and Quantum Information" Textbook by Nielsen and Chuang, Exercise 6.12:
Exercise 6.12: (Alternative Hamiltonian for quantum search) Suppose:
$$H=|x\rangle\...
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What is “Lindblad Superoperator” in Stochastic Master Equation
I was reading a paper titled "Using a Recurrent Neural Network to Reconstruct Quantum Dynamics of a Superconducting Qubit from Physical Observations" and was confused about a stochastic master ...
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Exponentiating Hermitian Matrix for use in QPE/HHL
I am currently trying to understand HHL by implementing a very inefficient Qiskit simulation script that performs HHL on an arbitrary hermitian matrix $A$ and a vector $b$.
Because I am currently ...
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1answer
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How is the precision of a quantum simulation algorithm actually proved?
The problem of quantum simulation can be formulated as follows:
Given a Hamiltonian $H$ ( $2^n \times 2^n$ hermitian matrix acting on $n$ qubits), a time $t$ and maximum simulation error $\epsilon$,...
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1answer
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Ground state energy estimation - VQE vs. Ising vs. Trotter–Suzuki
Disclaimer: I am a software engineer who is curious about quantum computing. Although I understand some basic concepts, theory and math behind it, I am by no means experienced in this domain.
I am ...
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Number of Qubits Required for Simulation of Caffeine and Penicillin Molecules
I recently read this report from BCG, which stated:
For scientists trying to design a compound that will attach itself to,
and modify, a target disease pathway, the critical first step is to
...
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Estimating errors in Hamiltonian Simulation paper
I am looking at the paper: Simulating Hamiltonian dynamics with a truncated Taylor series and I am explicitly interested in Eq (15) and (16). These read
$$ ||PA |0\rangle |\psi \rangle - |0\rangle ...
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Which representation describes the composite Hilbert space?
Very often in the standard textbooks on quantum mechanics, one finds that the joint Hilbert space of two systems is given by the tensor product of the individual Hilbert spaces. That is, if $H_1$ and ...
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Encoding Binary Data into Quantum Basis
I am working on implementing a paper on QNNs. I have successfully been able to resize a MNIST digit to be able to meet the size of quantum circuit. But I am not clear of how to convert the resized ...
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Ansatz Techniques to Multi-Body Physics Problems
I have been reading this paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.01563v1.
I am wondering: is it possible to use the idea behind quantum circuits to build classical Hamiltonians represented in the same way?...
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Quantum Optimization via Quantum Label Classification in Quantum Circuits
I have been reading Farhi and Neven's paper on quantum neural networks on quantum circuits. I also found an example - albeit not ideal as pointed out by a couple of users - thank you - in here.
...
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2answers
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GridQubit in Cirq vs LineQubit
It's perhaps a very silly question, but in what ways is it advantageous to use GridQubit vs LineQubits to develop quantum circuits? Specially to develop ansatz ? Are GridQubits Cirq's way of ...
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1answer
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How to implement NM Algorithm for Variational Quantum Eigensolver?
First of all: thanks for reading again. I appreciate the feedback I have gotten from this community the past weeks as I started to feel ready to ask questions about quantum computing topics.
I am ...
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2answers
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Hamiltonian simulation in quantum computation
What is the goal of Hamiltonian simulation?
Is it going to simulate a quantum system on a classical computer or quantum computer or none of them?
What is the relationship between a quantum algorithm ...
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1answer
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Simulating a 3-local Hamiltonian Term
This may be a fairly basic question, but in Nielsen & Chuang, the following circuit is given for simulating $\exp\left(-i\Delta t Z_1 \otimes Z_2 \otimes Z_3\right)$:
which uses an ancilla qubit ...
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Clarification of a procedure to compute the product of the exponential of two matrices
In trying to understand a method outlined here (page 3, subroutine 1). Consider
$$R_3 =
\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 1 \\
0 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0
\end{bmatrix} .$$
Let $A$ be a ...
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Implement a Hamiltonian in O(n) - exercise question
I have the following exercise to solve:
Consider the Boolean function $f(x_1 . . . x_n) = x_1 \oplus \dots \oplus x_n$
where $x_1 \dots x_n$ is an nbit string and $\oplus$ denotes addition mod $2$...
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1answer
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How to pick number of simulation qubits for finding eigenvalue of fermionic Hamiltonian?
I am having some trouble understanding how the number of simulation qubits are chosen when finding the eigenvalue of a fermionic Hamiltonian.
For the phase-estimation algorithm, is the number of ...
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Circuit construction for Hamiltonian simulation
I would like to know how to design a quantum circuit that given a Hermitian matrix $\hat{H}$ and time $t$, maps $|\psi\rangle$ to $e^{i\hat{H}t} |\psi\rangle$.
Thank you for your answer.
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Simulate hamiltonian evolution
I'm trying to figure out how to simulate the evolution of qubits under the interaction of Hamiltonians with terms written as a tensor product of Pauli matrices in a quantum computer. I have found the ...
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Numerical approximation to eigenstates and their differentials
I am working in Adiabatic Quantum Computing and I have a $6\times6$ Hamiltonian. I have only the symbolic expression for its eigenstates which have complicated expressions in solutions of degree $6$ ...
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Problem with the mathematical formulation of “qubitization”
In this research paper, the authors introduce a new algorithm to perform Hamiltonian simulation.
The beginning of their abstract is
Given a Hermitian operator $\hat{H} = \langle G\vert \hat{U} \...
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How to find parameters for circuit decomposition of Hamiltonian simulation of any matrix $A$?
In version 2 of the paper Quantum Circuit Design for Solving Linear Systems of Equations by Cao et al., they have given circuit decomposition for $e^{iA\frac{2\pi}{16}}$, given a particular $A_{4\...
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Is there a way to express the general 4X4 Hamiltonian in some block diagonal form of 2X2 matrices that I can solve, knowing the exact solution of 2X2?
Is there a way to express the general $4 \times 4$ Hamiltonian in some block diagonal form of $2 \times 2$ matrices that I can solve, knowing the exact solution of $2\times 2$?
This is necessary for ...
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Introductory resources for learning about quantum Hamiltonians
I am seeking introductory resources which will enable me to answer these questions (textbooks, lecture series, etc.):
Given a simple quantum system, how do I derive its Hamiltonian?
Given a ...
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How do I construct a Density Matrix corresponding to a Hamiltonian?
I have a Hamiltonian and I want to know the corresponding density matrix. The matrix I'm interested in is the one in this question.
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Why is this Hamiltonian matrix diagonal?
I've only recently started using density matrices in my work but I am confused with the following code that I have whether I am getting the right matrix:
...
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Example of Hamiltonian Simulation solving interesting problem?
Hamiltionian Simulation (= simulation of quantum mechanical systems) is claimed to be one of the most promising applications of a quantum computer in the future.
One of the earliest – and most ...
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Is there a Hamiltonian simulation technique implemented somewhere?
I was wondering if there was some code available for Hamiltonian simulation for sparse matrix. And also if they exist, they correspond to a divide and conquer approach or a Quantum walk approach?
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Advantage of simulating sparse Hamiltonians
In @DaftWullie's answer to this question he showed how to represent in terms of quantum gates the matrix used as example in this article. However, I believe it to be unlikely to have such well ...
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Hamiltonian simulation with complex coefficients
As part of a variational algorithm, I would like to construct a quantum circuit (ideally with pyQuil) that simulates a Hamiltonian of the form:
$H = 0.3 \cdot Z_3Z_4 + 0.12\cdot Z_1Z_3 + [...] +
- ...
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Practical implementation of Hamiltonian Evolution
Following from this question, I tried to look at the cited article in order to simulate and solve that same problem... without success. Mainly, I still fail to understand how the authors managed to ...
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1answer
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How are two different registers being used as “control”?
On page 2 of the paper Quantum Circuit Design for Solving Linear Systems of Equations (Cao et al.,2012) there's this circuit:
It further says:
After the inverse Fourier transform is executed on ...
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1answer
756 views
How to implement a matrix exponential in a quantum circuit?
Maybe it is a naive question, but I cannot figure out how to actually exponentiate a matrix in a quantum circuit.
Assuming to have a generic square matrix A, if I want to obtain its exponential, $e^{A}...
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Quantum algorithm for linear systems of equations (HHL09): Step 2 - What is $|\Psi_0\rangle$?
This is a sequel to Quantum algorithm for linear systems of equations (HHL09): Step 1 - Confusion regarding the usage of phase estimation algorithm and Quantum algorithm for linear systems of ...
