Questions tagged [bell-basis]
For questions related to Bell basis - i.e. converting a state to the Bell basis, working with such states and measuring in the basis.
51
questions
4
votes
2answers
236 views
Why are Bell states the maximally entangled ones?
I just want to know why actually Bell states are examples of maximally entangled states and significance of that "maximal" term. Is there anything for proving that?
5
votes
3answers
133 views
Intuition for why $\frac{|00\rangle+|11\rangle}{\sqrt{2}}$ can be written as $\frac{|++\rangle+|--\rangle}{\sqrt{2}}$
In analyzing measurement of $\frac{|00\rangle+|11\rangle}{\sqrt{2}}$ in the local $|+\rangle$, $|−\rangle$ basis, through algebra manipulation, the initial state is first written as $\frac{|++\rangle+|...
2
votes
1answer
64 views
What happens if a Pauli $X$ gate is applied to part of a Bell state?
I have started to learn about the mathematics behind ebits and I have a question. Assume $\color{red}{\text{Alice}}$ and $\color{blue}{\text{Bob}}$ share the following ebit:
$\begin{align}\vert\Phi^+ \...
1
vote
2answers
490 views
What happens to the Bell state qubits after the Quantum Teleporation?
I'm reading on the Quantum Teleporation and I couldn't find anywhere what happens to the bell state qubits after the Quantum Teleporation.
0
votes
1answer
43 views
How to do error correction after encoded Bell measurement?
Need some help with the concepts of encoded/logical bell measurement.
Please visualize the picture in your mind. Suppose I have a node with 7+7 qubits side by side, left 7 is $|0_{L}\rangle$ and right ...
1
vote
0answers
51 views
Calculating probability that two entangled qubits are the same when measured in different bases
Given the entangled state
\begin{equation}
|\Phi^+\rangle = \frac{1}{\sqrt 2} |00\rangle + \frac{1}{\sqrt 2} |11\rangle
\end{equation}
I am trying to calculate the probability that the two qubits end ...
5
votes
1answer
108 views
Does a basis of maximally entangled states exist for two-qubit or two-qutrit system so that the density matrices of the basis states don't commute?
I want to find a basis of maximally entangled states $|\Psi_i\rangle$, for $\mathcal{H}^{2} \otimes \mathcal{H}^{2}$ and, $\mathcal{H}^{3} \otimes \mathcal{H}^{3}$ such that the density matrices of ...
1
vote
2answers
72 views
Inconsistent result trying to simulate measurement of a 2 qubit system
Consider a 2 qubit system in the initial state:
$$
\begin{pmatrix}
0 \\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \\ -\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \\ 0
\end{pmatrix}
$$
the so-called Bell-pair. Now let's measure the spin of the first ...
1
vote
1answer
59 views
Why does $(XZ\otimes I)|\Phi^+\rangle$ equal the Bell state $|\Psi^-\rangle$?
I'm slightly confused by the solution provided below by a suggested solution online to convert |$\phi^+$⟩ to |$\psi^-$⟩.
I tried doing the operation XZ but I got $\frac{1}{\sqrt2}$(|10⟩-|01⟩) instead ...
-1
votes
3answers
296 views
Measure a state in Hadamard basis [closed]
I can't understand how a state measure on the Hadmard basis collapses to $$ |+\rangle =\dfrac{|0\rangle+|1\rangle}{\sqrt{2}} $$ or $$ |-\rangle =\dfrac{|0\rangle-|1\rangle}{\sqrt{2}} $$
as they dont ...
2
votes
2answers
141 views
Show that the Bell states form a basis
I can't seem to understand how to show that the Bell states for a basis. Should I explain that through the circuit and what gates are used or by the basic proof behind proving a set as a basis?
6
votes
3answers
653 views
Are entangled and Bell states the same thing?
I am a little confused whether the entangled state and Bell state are the same thing? If they have a bit of contrast, what is the difference between them?
2
votes
2answers
226 views
What gate combinations create entangled two-qubit states?
I know that in order to make a two quit entangled state, this quantum circuit is used:
But I was wondering if there are any other gate combinations which also create entangled two quit states.
If ...
1
vote
1answer
76 views
Bell's experiment: checking the probabilities
I have some doubts on the calculations behind Bell's experiment, which goes as follows: a pair of entangled photons is shared between two scientists, Alice and Bob, who possess a bunch of polarizers ...
2
votes
1answer
56 views
Show algebraically that $U|0\rangle\otimes |0\rangle+U|1\rangle\otimes|1\rangle=|0\rangle\otimes U^T|0\rangle+|1\rangle\otimes U^T|1\rangle$
Suppose that Alice applies a unitary operator $U$ with real entries to her qubit in an EPR pair $|\beta\rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt 2}(|00\rangle+|11\rangle)$. Is this the same as having Bob apply $U^T$ to ...
2
votes
1answer
45 views
EPR pair and individual operations [closed]
I have created an EPR pair. Let's suppose it's $(|00\rangle + |11\rangle)/\sqrt{2}$. We both of our halves and then we move into our places.
If I ask you how does your half look like (mathematical ...
1
vote
2answers
117 views
Q-Sphere representation of Bell States
I'm currently going through Lab1 of the Qiskit Quantum Computing Course, where one task is to create the Bell State
$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\vert01\rangle + \vert10\rangle\right)$$
Technically it ...
1
vote
1answer
147 views
Probability on measuring bell state in x-basis with pauli operator sigma x [duplicate]
I am confused about how to calculate the probabilities of getting a certain result when measuring a Pauli observable on a Bell state. When you measure an observable the state is projected onto an ...
3
votes
1answer
125 views
Show that Quantum Fourier Transform maps Bell states to Bell states
Given Bell states $\mathcal{B} = \{\left\vert \phi^{\pm} \right\rangle, \left\vert \psi^{\pm} \right\rangle\}$, show that Quantum Fourier Transform(QFT) maps $\mathcal{B}\rightarrow \mathcal{B}$ by ...
0
votes
2answers
197 views
Trouble understanding the EPR Experiment
I fail to understand the EPR experiment. From Wikipedia:
Alice now measures the spin along the z-axis. She can obtain one of
two possible outcomes: +z or −z. Suppose she gets +z. Informally
speaking, ...
3
votes
3answers
508 views
How to show that Bell states are orthonormal
I was reading some material on QC online and I found some material that explains how to show that Bell states are orthonormal but without details.
I understand that we need to check $\langle state1|...
2
votes
1answer
90 views
EPR Experiment: What does it mean for Alice to measure $\vec{v} \cdot \vec{\sigma}$ on her qubit?
I am trying to understand Box 2.7 on page 113 of Quantum Computation and Quantum Information book by Nielsen and Chuang. They start out with following wave function:
\begin{equation}
\psi = \frac{|01\...
3
votes
0answers
126 views
How can I measure a qubit on a generic axis on Qiskit?
I'm trying to prove Bell's inequality by following the one made by Wigner, that is:
$P(+_a,+_b) \le P(+_a,+_c) + P(+_c,+_b)$
And that this proof is NOT satisfied for angles between the various axes $\...
2
votes
2answers
97 views
Output of Bell State Measurement
I was trying to see the output of Bell State Measurement in IBM Quantum Experience but in the simulation down the circuit in the histogram, it showed me that the possible qubit will be $|00\rangle$ ...
1
vote
1answer
49 views
How do get from $|0\rangle=\alpha|a\rangle+\beta|b\rangle$, $|1\rangle=\gamma|a\rangle+\delta|b\rangle$ to an expression for $|01\rangle-|10\rangle$?
My question is linked to the Nielsen Chuang book. Particularly equation 2.216 on basis change from $|0\rangle$, $|1\rangle$ to orthonormal $|a\rangle$ and $|b\rangle$. How do we get the equation from ...
2
votes
1answer
61 views
Two qubit state + Depolarizing channel = Bell diagonal state?
In multiple sources, e.g. RGK, KGR, it is stated (without proof) that if you take any two qubit state and send it through a depolarizing channel, the resulting state would be a Bell-diagonal state. ...
2
votes
2answers
149 views
What are the possible results of measuring $X$ and $Z$ on the state $|01\rangle+|10\rangle$?
When calculating the probability of getting +1 on X-basis on the first qubit of Bell's state $|01\rangle+|10\rangle$, the result is 1/2 with the state after measurement |++⟩ while the probability of ...
4
votes
2answers
90 views
Can the following Bell states have probability amplitudes other than 1/2 and still be entangled?
From my understanding, a qubit is entangled when the state of one qubit depends on the other, and vice versa. Can the following bell states have probability amplitudes other than 1/2 and still be ...
5
votes
4answers
106 views
Bell state preparation
I was watching some lectures on qubits. They were talking about how to generate a Bell state. They described it as follows:
Prepare state 00:
$$\left |0 \right> \otimes \left |0 \right>$$
Apply ...
2
votes
2answers
77 views
How does Bell measurement work in the teleportation?
I'm a complete beginner and one of the first things I was taught was the teleportation protocol. In the protocol, the party sending its state (which we call say $|\phi\rangle$) makes a Bell ...
2
votes
1answer
91 views
What is the representative matrix for a measurement in the Bell-state basis?
I have a few questions about measurement in Bell-state basis. In particular, if $Z = \begin{bmatrix}
1 & 0\\
0 & -1
\end{bmatrix}$
is for a measurement on the computational basis, then what ...
3
votes
1answer
97 views
Problem about entanglement swapping
I have been learning about the concept of entanglement swapping and found an equation mentioned in the textbook, Mathematics Of Quantum Computing: An Introduction written by Wolfgang Scherer.
At ...
4
votes
1answer
445 views
How to apply the Schmidt Decomposition to a Bell state?
I am trying to understand the Schmidt Decomposition, currently in my QC class. We had a tutorial where we were told if $|\psi\rangle$ is a pure state of a composite system A then there exists $|i_A\...
2
votes
2answers
118 views
What happens when you send a Bell state through depolarizing channel?
For noise parameter $Q$ and a density matrix $\rho$, we know that the depolarization channel $\mathcal{E}$ would act like:
$$
\mathcal{E}(\rho) = (1 - Q)\rho +Q\frac{I}{2},
$$
where $I$ is the ...
3
votes
3answers
333 views
What does the minus sign in the four bell states represent?
I am in grade 11, so answers as simple as possible. I understand that in quantum teleportation, the bell measurement must be made on the teleportee and the sender, and I understand that yields one of ...
1
vote
0answers
154 views
Creating Bell States with CNOT conditioned to the control qubit being set to zero
I was using qiskit to generate all of the Bell States. I created the following circuits for each state:
$|\Phi^+\rangle :$
$|\Phi^-\rangle :$
$|\Psi^+\rangle :$
$|\Psi^-\rangle :$
The $|\Psi^\pm\...
2
votes
1answer
108 views
Fidelity With Bell State Calculation
Let's say I have the following state:
$$
|\psi\rangle = \sqrt{\frac{2}{3}} |0000\rangle_{a_1b_1a_2b_2} + \sqrt{\frac{1}{6}} \big( |0011\rangle_{a_1b_1a_2b_2} + |1100\rangle_{a_1b_1a_2b_2} \big).
$$
I ...
0
votes
1answer
63 views
Creating Bell states (a question from tutorial) [closed]
I was going through a Quantum Computation lecture series on YouTube given by Umesh Vazirani. There in Lecture 6.3 he talks about creating a Bell state using a Hadamard and CNOT gate. He seems to be ...
1
vote
0answers
51 views
Constructing and Measuring in an Arbitrary 3-qubit basis
As part of a Quantum Theory project I have "constructed" an arbitrary 3-qubit basis:
$\left|B_0\right> =\left|000\right>$
$\left|B_1\right> = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\cos(x)(\left|100\right> +...
3
votes
2answers
360 views
How to measure in the bell basis?
The question is quite straightforward, I have some two qubit state and I want to measure it in the Bell basis. This question answers me partly, but I still have some doubts because, I thought that ...
5
votes
3answers
432 views
Prove that there exist tripartite $|\psi\rangle$ which cannot be written as $|\psi\rangle=\sum_i\lambda_i|i_A\rangle|i_B\rangle|i_C\rangle$
Exercise 2.77 in Nielsen and Chuang asks to show by example that there exist tripartite states $| \psi \rangle_{ABC} $ which cannot be written as
$$| \psi \rangle = \sum_i \lambda_i | i_A \rangle | ...
1
vote
1answer
192 views
Is back in time (classical) information transfer possible (based on delayed choice entanglement swapping)?
Delayed choice entanglement swapping.
Two pairs of entangled photons are produced, and one photon from each pair is sent to a party called Victor. Of the two remaining photons, one photon is sent to ...
3
votes
2answers
187 views
What is the property of any entangled pair of qubits?
We know that any of the Bell states has the special property that the second qubit will be found in a state which is predictable based on measuring one of the qubits. But assuming any other pair of ...
4
votes
1answer
172 views
Problem with quantum tomography on two qubits
With reference to question on how to do quantum tomography on two qubits, I would like to ask you for help again. I tried to do the tomography on state
\begin{equation}\psi=\frac{1}{2}\begin{pmatrix}...
2
votes
1answer
589 views
Transforming the first Bell state into the other Bell states
As I understand it, you can transform the different Bell states into one another by applying various gates. Wikipedia has the Bell states written out as follows:
And says that you can generate bell ...
-1
votes
1answer
52 views
Find the Bell States of A and B in the following scenario
Let A has quantum memories $M_1$ and $M_2$ and B has quantum memories $M_3$ and $M_4$ capable of holding one qubit.
2 Bell states are shared among A & B in the following way:
First Bell state $|...
3
votes
1answer
81 views
Determining the quantum secret
I earlier posted I question Representing a Bell measurement on non adjacent qubits for which I got an excellent answer. Now I want to build upon that and do further analysis which is where I am stuck. ...
1
vote
1answer
82 views
Representing a Bell measurement on non adjacent qubits
I have a state
$${|\psi\rangle} = s {\Bigl(|1\rangle_1|1\rangle_2-|0\rangle_1|0\rangle_2\Bigr)}\otimes{\Bigl(|0\rangle_3|1\rangle_4-|1\rangle_3|0\rangle_4\Bigr)}\otimes{\Bigl(|0\rangle_5|1\rangle_6-|1\...
2
votes
1answer
126 views
If Alice and Bob share a Bell state, can Alice send her individual qubit to a third party?
Suppose Alice wants to send Bob information. Each of them has been sent each of the qubits of the Bell state in advance. Suppose Alice has the first qubit and Bob has the second.
$|\Phi^+\rangle = \...
2
votes
2answers
88 views
Projecting $\lvert ++ \rangle$ on Bell Basis
I understand that, projecting $\lvert 00\rangle$ on the Bell states would produce $\lvert\Phi^+\rangle$. Because,
$$
CNOT(H\lvert0\rangle \otimes \lvert0\rangle) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\lvert00\rangle +...