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I am using jupyter notebook and qiskit. I have a simple quantum circuit and I want to know how to get the unitary matrix of the circuit without using 'get_unitary' from the Aer unitary_simulator. i.e.: By just using matrix manipulation, how do I get the unitary matrix of the circuit below by just using numpy and normal matrix properties?

enter image description here

This is the code I am using:

import numpy as np

swapcnot = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0]])

cnot = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0]])

layer1 = np.kron(np.eye(2),swapcnot)

layer2 = np.kron(swapcnot, np.eye(2))

layer3 = np.kron(np.eye(2), cnot )

print(layer3@layer2@layer1)

The result I should be getting:

[[1.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j]
 [0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 1.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j]
 [0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 1.+0.j 0.+0.j]
 [0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 1.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j]
 [0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 1.+0.j]
 [0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 1.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j]
 [0.+0.j 1.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j]
 [0.+0.j 0.+0.j 1.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j]] 

The actual result I am getting:

[[1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1.]
 [0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]]
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1 Answer 1

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First, you need to realize that

enter image description here

This is also known as the Bridge gate. This means that

enter image description here

From here, you can now write down the following:

swapcnot = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0]])

cnot = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0]])

layer1 = np.kron(np.eye(2),swapcnot)

layer2 = np.kron(swapcnot, np.eye(2))

### Bridge Gate part of the circuit ####

layer3 = np.kron(np.eye(2), cnot )

layer4 = np.kron(cnot, np.eye(2) )

layer5 = np.kron(np.eye(2), cnot )

layer6 = np.kron(cnot, np.eye(2) )

####################################

print(layer6@layer5@layer4@layer3@layer2@layer1)

This will output:

[[1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1.]
 [0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
 [0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]]

which is what you expected.

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  • $\begingroup$ Makes sense, thank you very much for the explanation! $\endgroup$
    – Jared
    Apr 4, 2021 at 17:18

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