Exercise 2.63 of Nielsen & Chuang asks one to show that if a measurement is described by measurement operators $M_m$, there exists unitary $U_m$ such that $M_m = U_m \sqrt{E_m}$ where $E_m$ are the POVM associated to the measurement (that is, $E_m = M^{\dagger}_m M_m$).
I can see that, if $\sqrt{E_m}$ is invertible, then $U_m = M_m \sqrt{E_m}^{-1}$ is unitary; indeed, we have (dropping the needless subscript for simplicity) $U^{\dagger} U = (\sqrt{E}^{-1})^\dagger M^\dagger M \sqrt{E}^{-1} = (\sqrt{E}^{-1})^\dagger E \sqrt{E}^{-1} = (\sqrt{E}^{-1})^\dagger \sqrt{E} = (\sqrt{E}^{-1})^\dagger \sqrt{E}^\dagger = (\sqrt{E} \sqrt{E}^{-1})^\dagger = I^\dagger = I$ where I used that $\sqrt{E}$ is Hermitian (since it is positive).
But what if it's not invertible? Perhaps some continuity argument would work?